Like any other language Henrew vocabulary consists of nouns, verbs adjectives etc. There are 5 vowel phenomenes in Israeli Hebrew. Vowels in Hebrew are called as tnu'ot and their written representation is Niqqud. There are light dagesh or kal and heavy dagesh or hazak. The consonants are strengthened using dagesh which is idicated by points or dots placed in center of consonants. In Hebrew consonants are called 'itsurim'. The term Yiddish found itself being used in the 18th century. Common usage finds Yiddish being referred to as mame-loshn or mother tongue. Yiddish was known as loshn-ashkenaz or language of Ashkenaz and taytsh or the modern Middle High German. Hebrew also finds reference in Isaiah 19:18 as Language of Canaan. Bible refers to Hebrew as Yehudith since Yehuda or Judah was the surviving kingdom at the time. 'Eber' has its roots with 'avar' meaning 'to cross over'. Hebrew is derived from "ivri" which means Jewish people from the name of Abraham's ancestor, Eber. Eastern Yiddish continues to be used widely while use of Western Yiddish has dwindled significantly.
Western Yiddish had no use of words of Slavic origin while Eastern Yiddish used them extensively. Primarily spoken by Ashkenazi Jews, Yiddish dialects are divided into Western Yiddish and Eastern Yiddish which includes Litvish, Poylish and Ukrainish. 18th century saw Yiddish being used in literature. Yiddish was different from biblical Hebrew and Aramaic which were known as loshn-koydesh or holy tongue. Initially known as the language of Ashkenaz, Yiddish soon came to be known as the mother tongue or mame-loshn. Origin of Yiddish can be traced back to the 10th century Ashkenazi culture in Rhineland which eventually spread to eastern and central Europe. Yiddish developed as a fusion of Hebrew, Slavic languages, Romance language and Aramaic with German dialects. Hebrew is studied by students of Judaism, archeologists and linguists researching Middle East civilizations and theologians. In 1921 Hebrew became the official language of British ruled Palestine and in 1948 was declared official language of State of Israel. New words were borrowed and coined from other languages like English, Russian, French and German. Literary works of Hebrew intellectuals during the 19th century led to the modernization of Hebrew. Modern Hebrew finds its place as a modern spoken language due to the national revival ideology of Hibbat Tziyon followed by Jewish activist Eliezer Ben-Yehuda. Hebrew has been revived repeatedly by various movements in the 19th century. Thus educated Jews all over had a common language for communication through books, legal documents, published, written and read in the language. Through the ages, Hebrew persevered as main language for all written purposes in Jewish communities all over the world.
From the 10th century onwards, Hebrew was a flourishing spoken language. Hebrew is the member of the Canaanite group of languages which belong to Northwest Semitic family of languages. High German language of Ashkenazi Jewish origin.īirkat before studying Torah (in Hebrew with English translation) Semitic language of Afro-Asiatic language family. It developed as a fusion of German dialects with Hebrew, Aramaic, Slavic languages. Yiddish (ייִדיש yidish or אידיש idish, literally "Jewish") is a High German language of Ashkenazi Jewish origin, spoken throughout the world. Hebrew in its modern form is spoken by many of the seven million people in Israel. Culturally, it is considered a Jewish language. Hebrew (עִבְרִית, Ivrit, Hebrew pronunciation ) is a Semitic language of the Afro-Asiatic language family. Variously: yid – Yiddish (generic) ydd – Eastern Yiddish yih – Western Yiddish Recognized as a minority language in Moldova and parts of Russia ( Jewish Autonomous Oblast)Īcademy of the Hebrew Language האקדמיה ללשון העברית(HaAkademia LaLashon Ha‘Ivrit)Įither: heb – Modern Hebrew hbo – Ancient Hebrew ˈjɪdɪʃ/ or /ˈjidɪʃ/ Yiddish pronunciation is Ashkenazic Standard Israeli: -, standard Israeli (Sephardi):, Iraqi:, Yemenite:, Ashkenazi. United States, Israel, Argentina, Brazil, United Kingdom, Russia, Canada, Ukraine, Belarus, Hungary, Moldova, Lithuania, Belgium, Germany, Poland, Australia, France and elsewhere. Israel Global (as a liturgical language for Judaism), in West Bank, and Gaza In the United States, about 200,000 people speak Hebrew at home. In Israel, Hebrew is the first language for 5.3 million people and Second Language for 2-2.2 million (2009).
Indo-European Germanic West Germanic High German YiddishĪbout 10 million. Comparison chart Hebrew versus Yiddish comparison chartĪfro-Asiatic Semitic West Semitic Central Semitic Northwest Semitic Canaanite Hebrew
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